feat(backup): wire Velero + CNPG Barman to the live MinIO S3 target

Author the GitOps side of off-cluster backups against the on-Proxmox MinIO
(http://192.168.1.9:9000, path-style; buckets velero + cnpg).

Velero (R-STATE-03):
- HelmRelease (chart 8.x / Velero 1.15) + velero-plugin-for-aws init container +
  node-agent kopia File System Backup (deployNodeAgent, uploaderType=kopia,
  snapshotsEnabled=false). BSL default -> bucket velero, s3ForcePathStyle.
- Two daily Schedules: `daily` backs up the whole cluster's resources+PVC data
  (defaultVolumesToFsBackup opt-out) EXCEPT monitoring+unifi; `daily-resources-only`
  captures monitoring+unifi RESOURCES only (Prometheus TSDB, Loki 72h logs, and the
  ~7.4GiB UniFi VM disk are reconstructable — excluded from volume backup).
- velero-cloud-credentials SOPS Secret (cloud INI key, ns velero).
- Own non-gating Flux tier clusters/base/backup.yaml (dependsOn platform-config,
  wait:false) + clusters/dev SOPS decryption patch — mirrors headlamp.

CNPG native Barman PITR (R-IDP-05 / R-STATE-03):
- keycloak-db, nextcloud-db, semaphore-db gain spec.backup.barmanObjectStore
  (s3://cnpg/<cluster>, endpointURL MinIO, gzip WAL+data, 30d retention) + a daily
  ScheduledBackup (6-field cron, immediate) each.
- Per-namespace scoped-key SOPS Secrets (<db>-backup-credentials), same-ns only.
- render.py: emit-waves now recognizes <svc>-db-backup-credentials.sops.yaml as a
  DB-wave sidecar (+ self-test); wave-0 kustomization regenerated.

Creds mirror platform/backup/minio-credentials.sops.yaml (scoped key k3s-backup),
SOPS round-trip verified with the cluster age key. gate: green.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <[email protected]>

platform/keycloak/postgres-cluster.yaml

@@ -34,8 +34,43 @@ spec:
       memory: 256Mi
     limits:
       memory: 512Mi
-  # --- Off-cluster DR backup (R-IDP-05) — OPERATOR HAND-OFF (OQ-BKP, shared with Velero, Phase 4) ---
-  # When the off-cluster backup target is chosen, add a Barman object store + a ScheduledBackup:
-  #   spec.backup.barmanObjectStore = { destinationPath, endpointURL, s3Credentials {…SOPS…} }
-  #   + a postgresql.cnpg.io/v1 ScheduledBackup (cron) referencing this Cluster.
-  # Until then the DB is protected by 3-replica Longhorn + (Phase-4) Velero PVC backups of the namespace.
+  # --- Off-cluster DR backup (R-IDP-05) — CNPG-native Barman → the on-Proxmox MinIO `cnpg` bucket ---
+  # Continuous WAL archiving + periodic base backups give proper Postgres PITR (superior to a Velero
+  # PVC snapshot for a live DB). destinationPath is the BUCKET ROOT; CNPG appends serverName (defaults
+  # to the Cluster name), so objects land under s3://cnpg/keycloak-db/. Path-style HTTP MinIO endpoint.
+  # Credentials: the scoped key from the in-namespace SOPS Secret keycloak-db-backup-credentials
+  # (a Pod only reads same-ns Secrets), kept in sync with platform/backup/minio-credentials.sops.yaml.
+  backup:
+    retentionPolicy: "30d"          # keep 30 days of base backups + WAL (PITR window); prunes older
+    barmanObjectStore:
+      destinationPath: s3://cnpg
+      endpointURL: http://192.168.1.9:9000
+      s3Credentials:
+        accessKeyId:
+          name: keycloak-db-backup-credentials
+          key: ACCESS_KEY_ID
+        secretAccessKey:
+          name: keycloak-db-backup-credentials
+          key: ACCESS_SECRET_KEY
+      wal:
+        compression: gzip
+        maxParallel: 2
+      data:
+        compression: gzip
+---
+# Daily base backup of keycloak-db (WAL is archived continuously by the barmanObjectStore above).
+# CNPG cron is 6-field (sec min hour dom mon dow). immediate:true takes a first base backup as soon
+# as the schedule is created so the PITR chain has a starting point. Staggered 01:00 (nextcloud 02:00,
+# semaphore 04:00, Velero 03:00) to avoid concurrent base backups hammering MinIO.
+apiVersion: postgresql.cnpg.io/v1
+kind: ScheduledBackup
+metadata:
+  name: keycloak-db-daily
+  namespace: keycloak
+spec:
+  immediate: true
+  schedule: "0 0 1 * * *"
+  backupOwnerReference: self
+  cluster:
+    name: keycloak-db
+  method: barmanObjectStore