feat(net): renderer emits gateway-ingress allow for exposed services (R-NET-01/02)

Exposed apps got a default-deny NetworkPolicy with ingress: [] (deny all), so the
Cilium Gateway (Envoy, reserved identity `ingress`) could not reach the backend — an
Accepted HTTPRoute was still unreachable. render.py now emits an ADDITIVE, least-
privilege CiliumNetworkPolicy for any ServiceDefinition that renders an HTTPRoute:

  ingress:
    - fromEntities: [ingress]        # the shared Cilium Gateway/Envoy proxy identity
      toPorts: [<exposed service port(s)> TCP]

Verified against the live cluster (Cilium 1.16.5): with default-deny in place, Hubble
shows the Gateway proxy reaching pihole as source identity `(ingress)` and the flow
`Policy denied DROPPED` on :80 — so `fromEntities: [ingress]` is exactly the source the
Gateway uses, scoped to the service targetPort. Default-deny stays intact (ingress: []
unchanged); the allow only opens the north-south path (docs/09), east-west stays denied.

- render.py: add r_gateway_ingress_policy(); emit it after dependency policies; selftest
  asserts the allow is additive (default-deny ingress stays []), least-privilege (only the
  exposed port, only the ingress identity), and absent for non-exposed services.
- L1 goldens updated for the two exposed fixtures (container-workload, egress-class);
  default-deny-baseline golden unchanged (no exposure). --selftest + run.sh --layer l1 green.
- apps/pihole.yaml re-rendered (--no-image-automation) to carry the allow.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <[email protected]>

apps/pihole.yaml

@@ -103,6 +103,26 @@ spec:
     port: 80
     targetPort: 80
 ---
+# CiliumNetworkPolicy gateway-ingress allow (R-NET-01/02): pihole-allow-gateway-ingress
+apiVersion: cilium.io/v2
+kind: CiliumNetworkPolicy
+metadata:
+  name: pihole-allow-gateway-ingress
+  namespace: pihole
+  labels:
+    app.kubernetes.io/name: pihole
+spec:
+  endpointSelector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app.kubernetes.io/name: pihole
+  ingress:
+  - fromEntities:
+    - ingress
+    toPorts:
+    - ports:
+      - port: '80'
+        protocol: TCP
+---
 # HTTPRoute pihole-80 (R-TLS/R-DNS)
 apiVersion: gateway.networking.k8s.io/v1
 kind: HTTPRoute

catalog/render.py

@@ -315,6 +315,54 @@ def r_dependency_policies(s: dict) -> list:
     return out
 
 
+def r_gateway_ingress_policy(s: dict):
+    """North-south allow: let the shared Cilium Gateway reach an exposed service's port(s).
+
+    Any service that renders an HTTPRoute (non-empty ingressRoutes) is reachable through the
+    shared Gateway, but the namespace default-deny has `ingress: []` (deny all east-west and
+    north-south). This CiliumNetworkPolicy is the ADDITIVE, least-privilege allow that opens
+    ONLY the north-south path (docs/09 "Ingress opens north-south only — it does not relax
+    east-west default-deny"): ingress from Cilium's reserved `ingress` identity (the Gateway/
+    Ingress Envoy proxy, `reserved:ingress`, numeric identity 8 in Cilium 1.16.5) to ONLY the
+    exposed service port(s). Everything else stays denied; undeclared ports stay denied.
+
+    Verified empirically against the cluster: with default-deny in place, Hubble shows the
+    Gateway proxy reaching the backend as source identity `(ingress)` and the flow
+    `Policy denied DROPPED` on the service port — so `fromEntities: [ingress]` is exactly the
+    source the Cilium Gateway uses, and the port is the service targetPort (R-NET-01/02).
+    """
+    if not s["ingressRoutes"]:
+        return None
+    ports = _service_ports(s)
+    return {
+        "apiVersion": "cilium.io/v2",
+        "kind": "CiliumNetworkPolicy",
+        "metadata": {
+            "name": f"{s['name']}-allow-gateway-ingress",
+            "namespace": s["name"],
+            "labels": {"app.kubernetes.io/name": s["name"]},
+        },
+        "spec": {
+            "endpointSelector": {
+                "matchLabels": {"app.kubernetes.io/name": s["name"]}
+            },
+            "ingress": [
+                {
+                    "fromEntities": ["ingress"],
+                    "toPorts": [
+                        {
+                            "ports": [
+                                {"port": str(p["port"]), "protocol": "TCP"}
+                                for p in ports
+                            ]
+                        }
+                    ],
+                }
+            ],
+        },
+    }
+
+
 def _route_meta(s: dict, route: dict) -> dict:
     meta = {
         "name": f"{s['name']}-{route['port']}",
@@ -616,6 +664,16 @@ def render(sd: dict, image_automation: bool = True) -> list:
     for cnp in r_dependency_policies(s):
         docs.append((f"CiliumNetworkPolicy egress allow (R-NET-02): {cnp['metadata']['name']}", cnp))
 
+    gw_allow = r_gateway_ingress_policy(s)
+    if gw_allow:
+        docs.append(
+            (
+                "CiliumNetworkPolicy gateway-ingress allow (R-NET-01/02): "
+                f"{gw_allow['metadata']['name']}",
+                gw_allow,
+            )
+        )
+
     for hr in r_httproutes(s):
         docs.append((f"HTTPRoute {hr['metadata']['name']} (R-TLS/R-DNS)", hr))
 
@@ -725,6 +783,51 @@ def _selftest() -> int:
     cnps = [d[1] for d in dep_docs if d[1]["kind"] == "CiliumNetworkPolicy"]
     check(len(cnps) == 1, "one dependency must render one CiliumNetworkPolicy allow")
 
+    # 4b) exposure (ingressRoutes) -> an ADDITIVE gateway-ingress CiliumNetworkPolicy that
+    #     allows ONLY the reserved `ingress` (Gateway proxy) identity to the exposed port,
+    #     while default-deny still denies all other ingress (R-NET-01/02).
+    exp_docs = render(
+        {
+            "name": "z",
+            "source": {"image": "a:1"},
+            "ingressRoutes": [{"host": "z.home.keithjackson.dev", "port": 80}],
+        }
+    )
+    gw = [
+        d[1]
+        for d in exp_docs
+        if d[1]["kind"] == "CiliumNetworkPolicy"
+        and d[1]["metadata"]["name"].endswith("-allow-gateway-ingress")
+    ]
+    check(len(gw) == 1, "an exposed service must render one gateway-ingress allow (R-NET-01)")
+    if gw:
+        ing = gw[0]["spec"]["ingress"]
+        check(
+            ing[0]["fromEntities"] == ["ingress"],
+            "gateway-ingress allow must be from the reserved `ingress` (Gateway) identity",
+        )
+        allowed_ports = {p["port"] for r in ing for tp in r["toPorts"] for p in tp["ports"]}
+        check(
+            allowed_ports == {"80"},
+            "gateway-ingress allow must be least-privilege (only the exposed port)",
+        )
+    # default-deny stays deny-all-ingress even when an exposed service adds the allow.
+    exp_dd = next(d[1] for d in exp_docs if d[1]["kind"] == "NetworkPolicy")
+    check(
+        exp_dd["spec"]["ingress"] == [],
+        "gateway-ingress allow must be ADDITIVE — default-deny ingress stays [] (R-NET-01)",
+    )
+    # an internal (no ingressRoutes) service must NOT get a gateway-ingress allow.
+    internal_docs = render({"name": "int", "source": {"image": "a:1"}})
+    check(
+        not any(
+            d[1]["kind"] == "CiliumNetworkPolicy"
+            and d[1]["metadata"]["name"].endswith("-allow-gateway-ingress")
+            for d in internal_docs
+        ),
+        "a non-exposed service must not render a gateway-ingress allow (least privilege)",
+    )
+
     # 5) vm kind -> VirtualMachine + standalone DataVolume.
     vm_docs = render(
         {

conformance/tests/l1-rendering/container-workload-render/golden/expected.yaml

@@ -78,6 +78,26 @@ spec:
     port: 8080
     targetPort: 8080
 ---
+# CiliumNetworkPolicy gateway-ingress allow (R-NET-01/02): paas-demo-allow-gateway-ingress
+apiVersion: cilium.io/v2
+kind: CiliumNetworkPolicy
+metadata:
+  name: paas-demo-allow-gateway-ingress
+  namespace: paas-demo
+  labels:
+    app.kubernetes.io/name: paas-demo
+spec:
+  endpointSelector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app.kubernetes.io/name: paas-demo
+  ingress:
+  - fromEntities:
+    - ingress
+    toPorts:
+    - ports:
+      - port: '8080'
+        protocol: TCP
+---
 # HTTPRoute paas-demo-8080 (R-TLS/R-DNS)
 apiVersion: gateway.networking.k8s.io/v1
 kind: HTTPRoute

conformance/tests/l1-rendering/egress-class-render/golden/egress-internet.expected.yaml

@@ -103,6 +103,26 @@ spec:
     port: 8989
     targetPort: 8989
 ---
+# CiliumNetworkPolicy gateway-ingress allow (R-NET-01/02): sonarr-allow-gateway-ingress
+apiVersion: cilium.io/v2
+kind: CiliumNetworkPolicy
+metadata:
+  name: sonarr-allow-gateway-ingress
+  namespace: sonarr
+  labels:
+    app.kubernetes.io/name: sonarr
+spec:
+  endpointSelector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app.kubernetes.io/name: sonarr
+  ingress:
+  - fromEntities:
+    - ingress
+    toPorts:
+    - ports:
+      - port: '8989'
+        protocol: TCP
+---
 # HTTPRoute sonarr-8989 (R-TLS/R-DNS)
 apiVersion: gateway.networking.k8s.io/v1
 kind: HTTPRoute

conformance/tests/l1-rendering/egress-class-render/golden/egress-vpn.expected.yaml

@@ -103,6 +103,26 @@ spec:
     port: 8989
     targetPort: 8989
 ---
+# CiliumNetworkPolicy gateway-ingress allow (R-NET-01/02): sonarr-allow-gateway-ingress
+apiVersion: cilium.io/v2
+kind: CiliumNetworkPolicy
+metadata:
+  name: sonarr-allow-gateway-ingress
+  namespace: sonarr
+  labels:
+    app.kubernetes.io/name: sonarr
+spec:
+  endpointSelector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app.kubernetes.io/name: sonarr
+  ingress:
+  - fromEntities:
+    - ingress
+    toPorts:
+    - ports:
+      - port: '8989'
+        protocol: TCP
+---
 # HTTPRoute sonarr-8989 (R-TLS/R-DNS)
 apiVersion: gateway.networking.k8s.io/v1
 kind: HTTPRoute